The Essence of Yoga Philosophy

The Yoga Sutras are a foundational text on Yoga, compiled by Patanjali, an ancient sage. The wisdom he shared is divided into four chapters, called padas:

• Samadhi pada: the first chapter focuses on the state of deep meditative absorption called samadhi. It exposes the nature of the mind, obstacles to meditation, and the methods to attain mental stillness and concentration.
• Sadhana pada: the second chapter focuses on the practical aspects of yoga practice. In this pada, Paranjali discusses the 8 limbs of yoga (ashtanga yoga), ethical guidelines called the yamas and niyamas, postures (asanas), breath work (pranayama), and techniques of meditation.
• Vibhuti pada: the third chapter focuses on experiences. It also delves into the powers (siddhis) that can arise from advanced yoga practice. The emphasis is on detachment from these abilities and a focus on self-realization.
• Kaivalya pada: Patanjali discusses the concept of kayvalia (absolute freedom, liberation) in the fourth chapter.